Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the most common ailments prevalent across the world. Blood flows from the heart through the arteries to different parts of the body. Often the walls of the arteries get thickened due to deposition of fat and a pressure is created for the blood to flow resulting in hypertension. Persistent hypertension leads to life threatening conditions such as heart attacks, kidney problems and sudden stroke. It is also the leading cause of renal failure too. Causes of hypertension are far too many. Genetics, insulin resistance, age are few of the important factors causing hypertension. Some of the common symptoms of hypertension are pain in the neck region, headache, a feeling of a hangover and redness in the eyes.

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High blood pressure is known as the silent killer, because you can have it for a long time and yet be unawares about it as there may not be any symptoms at all. In primary hypertension the cause for this is not known, but in secondary hypertension the cause can be diagnosed. Once you know the cause, it is simpler to treat the cause and bring the blood pressure to normal. However, if the cause is not known, then precautionary measures have to be taken to keep it under control.

Blood pressure is the pressure that is put on the arteries to pump the blood from the heart to the arteries. The blood is first pumped to the larger arteries and then to the smaller ones that are called arterioles which in turn taper to finer vessels called capillaries. Oxygen and nutrients are supplied to all the organs of the body by the capillaries. The circle is complete when the impure blood returns to the heart to be purified through the veins.

Causes of high blood pressure:

• Narrowing of arteries due to cholesterol or arterial sclerosis
• Problems with the kidneys
• Congenital problems with the main arteries

Precautions to take when you are hypertensive:

• Bring down your weight
• Reduce the intake of salt
• Do moderate exercise like walking or aerobics
• Give up smoking
• Have limited alcohol
• Reduce fatty foods
• Bring down the cholesterol levels

However if there are problems which can be treated with invasive methods, then you would have to undergo surgery. Once the problem is resolved the blood pressure would automatically become normal.

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