Heart disease is the leading killer of both sexes in the U.S. and U.K. According to American Heart Association (AHA), about 71 million Americans are suffering from heart disease in different shapes. The most widespread form of heart disease is hypertension (also known as silent killer) or high blood pressure gives birth to coronary artery disease (CAD). These conditions are responsible for almost 8 million heart attacks and more than 5 million strokes that occur annually, alone in U.S.

Due to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, and its dangers, people are willing to promote heart health by all means. There are multiple factors that contribute to heart health, including uncontrollable factors such as heredity and controllable risk factors such as diet and exercise habits. Though we cannot change our family histories, there are many healthy steps we can take to reduce risk of suffering from devastating heart disease.

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High blood pressure is known as the silent killer, because you can have it for a long time and yet be unawares about it as there may not be any symptoms at all. In primary hypertension the cause for this is not known, but in secondary hypertension the cause can be diagnosed. Once you know the cause, it is simpler to treat the cause and bring the blood pressure to normal. However, if the cause is not known, then precautionary measures have to be taken to keep it under control.

Blood pressure is the pressure that is put on the arteries to pump the blood from the heart to the arteries. The blood is first pumped to the larger arteries and then to the smaller ones that are called arterioles which in turn taper to finer vessels called capillaries. Oxygen and nutrients are supplied to all the organs of the body by the capillaries. The circle is complete when the impure blood returns to the heart to be purified through the veins.

Causes of high blood pressure:

• Narrowing of arteries due to cholesterol or arterial sclerosis
• Problems with the kidneys
• Congenital problems with the main arteries

Precautions to take when you are hypertensive:

• Bring down your weight
• Reduce the intake of salt
• Do moderate exercise like walking or aerobics
• Give up smoking
• Have limited alcohol
• Reduce fatty foods
• Bring down the cholesterol levels

However if there are problems which can be treated with invasive methods, then you would have to undergo surgery. Once the problem is resolved the blood pressure would automatically become normal.

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