At times, the human body reacts to small traces of foreign substances that might actually be harmless. Although harmless, these reactions could be irritating at times. Such a reaction is called as an allergy. Skin rashes, breathing trouble, sneezing, itching, probably even breathlessness, etc. could be experienced, as an effect of an allergy. In extreme allergic cases, people have also been found to collapse. These symptoms, in fact, are pretty commonly known.
Before we set out to find the varying treatment options for the different types of allergies, it’s very important to know why / how an allergy happens. On the surface of mast cells found in tissues of the human body, an antigen-antibody reaction takes place and the same results in the release of histamines later on. An antibody related to a particular antigen is produced by the WBC (White Blood Cells), and the same is known as sensitization. As a result, the skin starts to flush and itch. In some cases, the bronchi tighten / contract and could result in breathing problems. This also causes the tissues and organs to swell. Histamine is the reason that causes most of the symptoms of allergies.

One of the most important reasons for an allergic reaction to occur is the weak immune system of the human body. This occurs as a result of the lack of antibody producing White Blood Cells.

We’ve listed a few common allergens (allergy inducing substances). They include dust, pollen, aspirin, certain medications, latex rubber, certain foods, dust, pollen, animal skin shedding, poison ivy, bee stings, peanuts and even some vaccines like penicillin. Although these things often only cause mild reactions, the situation may get serious at times by spreading throughout the body.

Treatment Options:
One of the commonly approached ways to treat an allergy is to counteract on the cause of the allergy. The affected person must be treated with antihistamine drugs / medication. Further, it becomes rather difficult to avoid allergies caused by pollen or dust. An antihistamine drug works, as its name suggests, by neutralizing the effect of the chief allergy causing agent histamine, thereby nullifying the allergic reaction’s effect. However, antihistamine medications have been found to cause drowsiness. So, it’s always advisable that you do not take these tablets or medicines before driving or operating heavy machinery.

Another treatment option is to desensitize the allergen. This, however, is not a very commonly used method, but efficient nonetheless. [Caution: Please take proper care while desensitizing though, and this article makes no warranties. It is best done by an alert Doctor]. Desensitization is when the affected person is treated with / given small doses of the allergen. Usually, it is done in a way such that the small dose does not cause a reaction. Further, the quantity of the dosage is increased. Desensitization is done in 2 ways – by injecting and when it is given under the tongue. The latter is also known as Sublingual SIT (Specific Immunotherapy), and has been regarded as the safer and simpler form of desensitization.

Also, there are nasal sprays that can help in treatment certain breathing related allergies.
Your best allergy treatment option, however, is to prevent an allergy from occurring. Remember the old adage, “Prevention is better than cure’? It still holds good. Keep your clean. Make proper use of vacuum cleaners (by masking your face, of course), air filters, etc. Allergy treatment is best done when done at Home.

One last thing that is advisable and must be remembered is – If the symptoms of the allergy continue to persist for more than a week, then it is best to take the patient to a nearby care center or clinic / hospital.

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